Exchange Server Monitoring

Exchange Server Versions Supported: Exchange 2019, Exchange 2016, Exchange 2013, Exchange 2010, Exchange 2007, Exchange 2003 and older versions.

Prerequisites for monitoring Exchange Server: Monitoring of Exchange Server is possible only if Applications Manager is running in a Windows System. Refer Prerequisites Section.

Using the REST API to add a new Exchange server monitor:Click here

Attributes Monitored: Refer Exchange Server Parameters to know more about the attributes monitored.

To create a Exchange Server Monitor, follow the given steps:

1. Click on New Monitor link. Choose Exchange Server under Mail Servers.
2. Enter a Display name for the new monitor that you're going to add.
3. Enter the IP Address or hostname of the host in which the Exchange Server is running.
4. Select Exchange Server Version - Exchange 2019, Exchange 2016, Exchange 2013, Exchange 2010, Exchange 2007, Exchange 2003 or below.
5. Select the Server Role to be monitored.
6. Choose the Exchange Server Services you want to monitor from the list.
7. Select the Exchange Server Services you want to monitor.
8. Provide the authentication details such as User Name, Domain Name, and Password for the system in which Exchange server is running.
9. You can enter your own credential details or select preconfigured credentials details in Credentials Manager. If you wish to enter your own credentials, specify username and password details for the monitor.
10. Choose the Mode of Monitoring - Powershell or WMI. By default, the connectionURI will be detected. If neccessary, it can be customized.
    Know more about using the Powershell option
11. Enable the Use CredSSP Authentication option only if you want to fetch Exchange Queues metrics for non-mailbox roles in versions 2010 and above where the Applications Manager and Exchange server are in different domains. Know more about using CredSSP authentication
12. Specify the timeout value in seconds. Value should be greater than 120 seconds. However, this is applicable only in Powershell mode of monitoring.
13. Enter the polling interval time in minutes.
14. If you are adding a new monitor from an Admin Server, select a Managed Server.
15. Choose the Monitor Group from the combo box to which you want to associate the Monitor (optional). You can choose multiple groups to associate your monitor.
16. Click Add Monitor(s). This discovers the Monitor from the network and starts monitoring them.

Know more about Exchange Server's component-specific performance counters that Applications Manager monitors.

Applications Manager allows you to efficiently monitor various versions of your Exchange Server, providing detailed reports on performance, availability, and the functioning of server roles. It centralizes the collection of Exchange component-specific performance counters, helping you detect issues, send alerts, and prevent potential service outages or configuration problems. Users can proactively manage Exchange Servers and identify issues before they become critical.

Applications Manager gathers data related to each of your Exchange Server Roles:

• Mailbox Server Role - Monitor your mailbox and public folder databases and diagnose issues pertaining to all related messaging data.
• Client Access Server Role - Monitor overall client access like ActiveSync, .NET, OWA, Web Services connections and hardware performance.
• Unified Messaging Server Role - Track integrated dial-in access performance and monitor e-mail, voicemail, fax, calendar information and contacts.
• Hub Transport Server Role - Monitor the mail flow, routing, and delivery within the Exchange organization and identify disk performance bottlenecks.
• Edge Transport Server Role - Monitor EdgeSync services, Active Directory Application Mode, SMTP connection authentication, transport queue databases and logs.

Applications Manager supports monitoring of counters relevant to the following server roles:

• Exchange Server 2019 Server roles:
  • Mailbox Server Role Counters
  • Edge Transport Server Role Counters
• Exchange Server 2016 server roles: 
  • Mailbox Server Role Counters | Mailbox and Database Statistics ( This includes Client Access Role Counters too because Mailbox server in Exchange 2016 includes all of the server components from Exchange 2013 Mailbox and Client Access roles )
  • Edge Transport Server Role Counters
• Exchange Server 2013 Server roles:
  • Mailbox Server Role Counters | Mailbox and Database Statistics
  • Client Access Server Role Counters
  • Edge Transport Server Role Counters
• Exchange Server 2010 and 2007 Server roles:
  • Mailbox Server Role Counters | Mailbox and Database Statistics
  • Client Access Server Role Counters
  • Hub Transport Server Role Counters
  • Edge Transport Server Role Counters
  • Unified Messaging Server Role Counters
• Exchange Server 2003 and older versions
  • Performance Counters
• Common Counters (For all versions and roles)
  • Exchange Services and Active-Directory Access Domain Controllers
  • Host Performance Counters
  • Queues

Exchange Server - Monitored Parameters

Go to the Monitors Category View by clicking the Monitors tab. Click on Exchange Server under the Mail Servers Table. Displayed is the Exchange Server bulk configuration view distributed into three tabs:

• Availability tab, gives the Availability history for the past 24 hours or 30 days.
• Performance tab gives the Health Status and events for the past 24 hours or 30 days.
• List view enables you to perform bulk admin configurations.

Mailbox Role Counters		Exchange Server Version
Attribute name	Description	2007	2010	2013	2016	2019
POP & IMAP Connections
Current POP Connections	The total number of POP connections opened since the computer was last started.
Current IMAP Connections	The total number of POP connections opened since the computer was last started.
SMTP Connections
Inbound Connections	The total number of currently inbound connections.
Outbound Connections	The number of connections that were currently outbound.
Messages Sent/sec	The rate at which outbound messages are being sent.
Messages Received/sec	The rate at which inbound messages are being received.
Latency Requirements Counters
Database PageFault Stalls/sec	The rate of page faults that can't be serviced because there are no pages available for allocation from the database cache. This counter should be 0 on production servers.
Database I/O Reads Average Latency	The average time, in ms, to read from the database file. The average value should be below 200 ms. Maximum values shouldn't be higher than 1,000 ms.
Database I/O Writes Average Latency	The average time, in ms, to write to the database file. This latency should be less than the MSExchange Database\I/O Database Reads (Recovery) Average Latency when battery-backed write caching is utilized.
I/O Log Reads/sec	The number of times data was read from a log file. Specific to log replay and database recovery operations.
I/O Log Writes/sec	The number of times a log buffer was written to the active log file. Specific to log replay and database recovery operations
Log Record Stalls/sec	The number of log records that can't be added to the log buffers per second because the log buffers are full. The average value should be below 10 per second. Maximum values shouldn't be higher than 100 per second.
Log Threads Waiting	The number of threads waiting to complete an update of the database by writing their data to the log. The average value should be less than 10 threads waiting.
Message Queuing Counters
Mailbox Messages Queued For Submission	The current number of submitted messages not yet processed by the transport layer. The threshold value should be below 50 at all times. Shouldn't be sustained for more than 15 minutes.
Public Messages Queued For Submission	The current number of submitted messages not yet processed by the transport layer. The threshold value should be less than 20 at all times.
Message Queue Counters
Messages Currently Queued for Delivery	Total number of messages currently waiting in all Exchange transport queues for delivery at a given point in time.
Messages Queued For Delivery/sec	Rate at which messages are being queued for delivery across all Exchange transport queues, measured per second.
Information Store RPC Processing Counters
IS RPC Requests	The number of client requests currently being processed by the RPC Client Access service.
IS RPC Averaged Latency	The latency averaged for the past 1,024 packets (in ms).
Cache Statistics
Number Of Cache Active Connections	The number of active connections in all data connection pools created for a specific PowerPivot service application instance.
Number Of Cache Idle Connections	The number of idle connections in all data connection pools created for a specific PowerPivot service application instance.
Number Of Cache Connections	The number of connections to the server stored in the cache.
Cache Total Capacity	The size of the cached server connection pool.
RPC Client Throttling & Client Activity Counters
Client RPC Average Latency	RPC Average Latency is server RPC latency, in ms, averaged for the past 1,024 packets. The threshold value should be less than 50 ms on average for each client.
RPC Client BackOff/sec	The rate that the server notifies the client to back-off. Higher values may indicate that the server may be incurring a higher load resulting in an increase in overall averaged RPC latencies, causing client throttling to occur.
Client: RPCs Failed/sec	The client-reported rate of failed RPCs since the store was started.
Client: RPCs Failed	The client-reported number of failed RPCs since the store was started.
Search Index Counters
% Processsor Time of indexing	The percentage of elapsed processor time that the Exchange Search Service is actively consuming across all CPUs at a given point in time.
Crawler Mailboxes Remaining	The number of mailboxes still remaining to be crawled by the Exchange Search indexer at the current point in time.
Content Indexing Counters
Percentage Processor Time of indexing	The amount of processor time being consumed to update content indexing within the store process. Full crawls increase overall processing time, but should never exceed overall store CPU capacity.
Average Document Indexing Time	The average, in ms, of how long it takes to index documents. The threshold value should be less than 30 seconds at all time.
Full Crawl Mode Status	This counter is used to determine if a full crawl is occurring for any specified database. Possible values are 1 - going through a full crawl 0 - not going through a full crawl
Average Latency of RPCs used to Obtain Content	The average latency, in ms, of the most recent RPCs to the Information Store service. These RPCs are used to get content for the filter daemon for the specified database.
Crawler Mailboxes Remaining	Any value of 1 or higher indicated the mailboxes in the database are being crawled but when the crawl is completed, the value is set to 0.
Client-Related Search Counters
Slow Find Row Rate	The rate at which the slower FindRow needs to be used in the mailbox store. The threshold value should be no more than 10 for any specific mailbox store. Higher values indicate applications are crawling or searching mailboxes, which is affecting server performance.
Search Task Rate	The number of search tasks created per second. The threshold value should be less than 10 at all times.
Slow QP Threads	The number of query processor threads currently running queries that aren't optimized. The threshold value should be less than 10 at all times.
Slow Search Threads	The number of search threads currently running queries that aren't optimized. The threshold value should be less than 10 at all times.
Database Counters
Log Bytes Writes/sec	The rate of bytes written to the log. The threshold value should be less than 10,000,000 at all times.
Database Cache Percent Hit	The percentage of database file page requests fulfilled by the database cache without causing a file operation. If this percentage is too low, the database cache size may be too small. The threshold value should be over 90% for companies with majority online mode clients. The threshold value should be over 99% for companies with majority cached mode clients. If the hit ratio is less than these numbers, the database cache may be insufficient.
Database Cache Size in MB	The amount of system memory, in megabytes (MB), used by the database cache manager to hold commonly used information from the database files to prevent file operations. Maximum value is RAM-2GB. Use this counter along with store private bytes to determine if there are store memory leaks.
Version Buckets Allocated	The total number of version buckets allocated. The threshold value should be less than 12,000. The maximum default version is 16,384.
Log Threads Waiting	The number of threads waiting for their data to be written to the log to complete an update of the database. If this number is too high, the log may be a bottleneck. The threshold value should be less than 10 on average. Regular spikes concurrent with log record stall spikes indicate that the transaction log disks are a bottleneck.
Log Generation Check Point Depth	Represents the amount of work in the log file count that needs to be redone or undone to the database files if the process fails. The threshold value should be below 500 at all times for the Mailbox server role. A healthy server should indicate between 20 and 30 for each database instance. If checkpoint depth increases continually for a sustained period, this indicates either a long-running transaction, or a bottleneck.
Database Instances I/O Reads Avg Latency	The average length of time, in ms, per database read operation. The threshold value should be 20 ms on average.
Database Instances I/O Writes Avg Latency	The average length of time, in ms, per database write operation. The threshold value should be 50 ms on average. Maximum values of up to 100 ms are acceptable if not accompanied by database page fault stalls.
Mailbox Assistant Counters
Percentage Processor Time of Mailbox Assistant	Percentage Processor Time of Mailbox Assistant. The threshold value should be less than 5% of overall CPU capacity.
Average Event Processing Time in Seconds	The average processing time of the events chosen. The threshold value should be less than 2 at all times.
Events in Queue	The number of events in the in-memory queue waiting to be processed by the assistants. The threshold value should be a low value at all times. High values may indicate a performance bottleneck.
Events Polled/sec	The number of events polled per second. Determines current load statistics for this counter.
Mailboxes Processed/sec	The rate of mailboxes processed by time-based assistants per second. Determines current load statistics for this counter.
Resource Booking Counters
Average Resource Booking Processing Time	The average time to process an event in the Resource Booking Attendant. High values may indicate a performance bottleneck.
Requests Failed in Resource Booking	The total number of failures that occurred while the Resource Booking Attendant was processing events. The threshold value should be 0 at all times.
Calendar Attendant Counters
Average Calendar Attendant Processing Time	The average time to process an event in the Calendar Attendant. High values may indicate a performance bottleneck.
Requests Failed in Calendar Attendant	The total number of failures that occurred while the Calendar Attendant was processing events.The threshold value should be 0 at all times.
Store Interface Counters / Store Client Request Counters (for Exchange server 2007 and 2010)
RPC Latency Average	The average latency, in ms, of RPC requests. The average is calculated over all RPCs since exrpc32 was loaded. The threshold value should be less than 100 ms at all times.
ROP Requests Outstanding	The total number of outstanding remote operations requests. Used for determining current load.
RPC Requests Outstanding	The current number of outstanding RPC requests.
RPC Requests Sent/sec	The total number of outstanding RPC requests. Used for determining current load.
Percentage RPC Requests Failed	The percentage of failed requests in the total number of RPC requests. Failed means the sum of failed with error code plus failed with exception. The threshold value should be less than 1 at all times.
Percentage RPC Slow Requests	The percentage of slow RPC requests among all RPC requests. A slow RPC request is one that has taken more than 500 ms. The threshold value should be less than 1 at all times.
HUB Servers in Retry	The number of Hub Transport servers in retry mode. The threshold value should be 0 at all times.
Successful Submission/sec	The number of currently successful mail submission per second.
Failed Submission/sec	The number of failed submissions per second.
Temporary Submission Failures/sec	The number of temporary submission failures per second.
RPC Operations/sec	The current number of RPC operations occurring per second.
Information Store Statistics / Information Store Counters (for Exchange server 2007 and 2010)
Client: RPC Operations/sec	The number of RPC operations per second for each client type connection.
JET Log Records/sec	The rate that database log records are generated while processing requests for the client. Used to determine current load.
JET Pages Read/sec	The rate that database pages are read from disk while processing requests for the client. Used to determine current load.
Directory Access: LDAP Reads/sec	The current rate that LDAP reads occur while processing requests for the client. Used to determine the current LDAP read rate per protocol.
Directory Access: LDAP Writes/sec	The current rate that LDAP writes occur while processing requests for the client. Used to determine the current LDAP read rate per protocol.
Directory Access: LDAP Searches/sec	The rate of LDAP search queries per second being made to Active Directory by the Exchange Information Store for a specific client type (e.g., MAPI, OWA, EAS) at a given point in time.
Messages Delivered/sec	The rate that messages are delivered to all recipients. Indicates current message delivery rate to the store.
IS Messages Sent/sec	The rate that messages are sent to transport. Used to determine current messages sent to transport.
IS Messages Submitted/sec	The rate that messages are submitted by clients. Used to determine current rate that messages are being submitted by clients.
User Count	The number of users connected to the information store. Used to determine current user load.
Replication Receive Queue Size	The number of replication messages waiting to be processed.

Note: The metrics under the Mailbox and Database Statistics Counters tab marked with * are only supported in Applications Manager version 172900 and above.

Mailbox and Database Statistics Counters		Exchange Server Version
Attribute name	Description	2007	2010	2013	2016	2019
Top Mailboxes
Mailbox User Name	Username of the Exchange Mailbox User.
Warning Quota Utilization*	The percentage of mailbox storage used relative to the warning quota set for the user's mailbox (in %).
Prohibit Send Quota Utilization*	The percentage of mailbox storage used relative to the Prohibit Send Quota limit (in %).
Prohibit Send and Receive Quota Utilization*	The percentage of mailbox storage used relative to the Prohibit Send and Receive Quota limit (in %).
Total Mailbox Size	The total amount of storage space occupied by the user's mailbox (in MB).
Number of Items	Specifies the number of items in mailbox.
Warning Quota *	Storage limit set for a mailbox (in MB). A warning message will be received when the mailbox size exceeds the specified limit.
Prohibit Send Quota*	Storage limit set for a mailbox after which the user is prohibited from sending any new emails (in MB).
Prohibit Send and Receive Quota*	Storage limit set for a mailbox after which the user is prohibited from both sending and receiving emails (in MB).
Last Logon Time*	Time of last login by the mailbox user.
Use Database Quota Defaults*	Allows mailboxes to inherit storage quota settings from the database level.
Inactive Mailbox Users
Mailbox User Name	Username of the Exchange Mailbox User.
Last Logon Time	Time of last login by the mailbox user.
Days since Last Login*	Number of days that have passed since the user last logged into their mailbox.
Database Statistics (2010, 2013, 2016 & 2019)
Master Type	Specifies if the Mailbox Database is part of a DAG/ Server.
DAG Name / Server	The Database Accessibility Group (DAG) name. DAG allows you to replicate your database where your mail is stored across any number of servers.
Database Name	Name of the mailbox database.
Mount Status	The mount status of the mailbox stores on the server. Mailboxes contained in unmounted mailbox stores cannot receive incoming messages.
Mailbox Count	The total number of mailboxes that reside in all mailbox stores and public folders.
Database Size (GB)	The size of the mailbox database.
Available New Mailbox Space (GB)	This represents the unallocated storage capacity within the mailbox database that's available for storing incoming emails. It's created when users delete emails or mailboxes, but the database hasn't reclaimed that space for future use.
Last Full Backup	Detailed information about backups performed on storage groups on the connected server.
Circular Logging Enabled	Specifies whether or not circular logging is enabled. Circular Logging saves storage on your Exchange Server by preventing transaction logs from building up on the Server.
Days Since Last Full Backup	Indicates the number of days passed since the last full backup operation was performed.
Database Statistics (2007)
Database Name	Name of the mailbox database
Mount Status	The mount status of the mailbox stores on the server. Mailboxes contained in unmounted mailbox stores cannot receive incoming messages.
Mailbox Count	The total number of mailboxes that reside in all mailbox stores and public folders.
Storage Group	The exchange storage group name. A Storage Group is a grouping of one or more Mailbox Databases along with Log Files and a Checkpoint File. Not available for versions later than 2007.
Database Availability Groups
Database Availability Group Name	The name of the database availability group.
DAG Members	The database availability group members.
DAG Members Count	The number of members in the particular database availability group.
Database Copy Statistics
Database Name	The name of the mailbox database.
Database Status	The current status of the database. Possible Statuses are: Failed - The mailbox database copy is in a Failed state because it is not suspended, and it is notable to copy or replay log files. While in a Failed state and not suspended, the system will periodically check whether the problem that caused the copy status to change to Failed has been resolved. After the system has detected that the problem is resolved, and barring no other issues, the copy status will automatically change to Healthy. Seeding - The mailbox database copy is being seeded, the content index for the mailbox database copy is being seeded, or both are being seeded. Upon successful completion of seeding, the copy status should change to Initializing. SeedingSource - The mailbox database copy is being used as a source for a database copy seeding operation. Suspended - The mailbox database copy is in a Suspended state as a result of an administrator manually suspending the database copy by running the Suspend-MailboxDatabaseCopy cmdlet. Healthy - The mailbox database copy is successfully copying and replaying log files, or it has successfully copied and replayed all available log files. ServiceDown - The Microsoft Exchange Replication service is not available or running on the server that hosts the mailbox database copy. Initializing - The mailbox database copy will be in an Initializing state when a database copy has been created, when the Microsoft Exchange Replication service is starting or has just been started, and during transitions from Suspended, ServiceDown, Failed, Seeding, SinglePageRestore, LostWrite, or Disconnected to another state. While in this state, the system is verifying that the database and log stream are in a consistent state. In most cases, the copy status will remain in the Initializing state for about 15 seconds, but in all cases, it should generally not be in this state for longer than 30 seconds. Resynchronizing - The mailbox database copy and its log files are being compared with the active copy of the database to check for any divergence between the two copies. The copy status will remain in this state until any divergence is detected and resolved. Mounted - The active copy is online and accepting client connections. Only the active copy of the mailbox database copy can have a copy status of Mounted. Dismounted - The active copy is offline and not accepting client connections. Only the active copy of the mailbox database copy can have a copy status of Dismounted. Mounting - The active copy is coming online and not yet accepting client connections. Only the active copy of the mailbox database copy can have a copy status of Mounting. Dismounting - The active copy is going offline and terminating client connections. Only the active copy of the mailbox database copy can have a copy status of Dismounting. DisconnectedAndHealthy - The mailbox database copy is no longer connected to the active database copy, and it was in the Healthy state when the loss of connection occurred. This state represents the database copy with respect to connectivity to its source database copy. It may be reported during DAG network failures between the source copy and the target database copy. DisconnectedAndResynchronizing - The mailbox database copy is no longer connected to the active database copy, and it was in the Resynchronizing state when the loss of connection occurred. This state represents the database copy with respect to connectivity to its source database copy. It may be reported during DAG network failures between the source copy and the target database copy. FailedAndSuspended - The Failed and Suspended states have been set simultaneously by the system because a failure was detected, and because resolution of the failure explicitly requires administrator intervention. An example is if the system detects unrecoverable divergence between the active mailbox database and a database copy. Unlike the Failed state, the system will not periodically check whether the problem has been resolved, and automatically recover. Instead, an administrator must intervene to resolve the underlying cause of the failure before the database copy can be transitioned to a healthy state. SinglePageRestore - This state indicates that a single page restore operation is occurring on the mailbox database copy. Based on these values, we want the Status attribute to be either Mounted (true for the server where the database is mounted) or Healthy (for the servers that hold a copy of it). For the ContentIndexState attribute, we want it to be always Healthy.
Copy Queue Length	The Copy Queue Length shows the number of transaction log files waiting to be copied to the passive copy log file folder. A copy is not considered complete until it has been checked for corruption.
Content Index State	The state of Microsoft Exchange Server content indexes: Crawling - Database is in the process of indexing database content. Depending on the size of the database, this process could take some time to complete. Disabled - Indexing for the database has been disable by an administrator. Failed - An error has occurred causing the content index to fail. FailedAndSuspended - The Failed and Suspended states have been set simultaneously by the system because a failure was detected, and because resolution of the failure explicitly requires administrator intervention. Healthy - This indicates the Content Index is up to date and has not detected any issues. This is the only state in which a failover (automatic process) to a specific database copy can occur. Seeding - A database copy is in the process of updating its Content Index from another database copy. Suspended - The Suspended status occurs if an administrator manually pauses or suspends it from receiving updates from the active copy. This might be done to update a failed Content Index or to perform troubleshooting for other issues.
Latest Full Backup Time	Last full backup time for the mailbox database
Active Copy	If the database copy is active "True" is shown else,if Passive, "False" is shown
Days Since Latest Full Backup	Indicates the number of days passed since the latest full backup operation was performed.

Client Access Server Role Counters		Exchange Server Version
Attribute name	Description	2007	2010	2013	2016	2019
ASP.NET Counters
Application Restarts	The number of times the application has been restarted during the Web server's lifetime.
Worker Process Restarts	The number of times a worker process has restarted on the computer.
Request Wait Time	The number of ms the most recent request was waiting in the queue.
ActiveSync Counters
ActiveSync Requests/sec	The number of HTTP requests waiting to be assigned to a thread. (Average of 50-100.)
Pending Ping Commands	The number of ping commands currently pending on the server. Ping Commands Pending are the number of hanging requests, which should be almost equal to the number of Direct Push and hanging sync users.
Pending Sync Commands	The number of sync commands currently pending on the server. Sync Commands Pending are the number of hanging requests, which should be almost equal to the number of Direct Push and hanging sync users.
Requests Queued	The number of HTTP requests queued in a thread.
Availability Service Counters
Availability Requests/sec	The number of requests in the application request queue per second. The request can be only for free/busy information or include suggestions. One request may contain multiple mailboxes. Determines the rate at which Availability service requests are occurring.
Average Time to Process a Free Busy Request	The average time to process a free/busy request in seconds. A single request may contain multiple mailboxes.
Current requests	The number of HTTP requests waiting to be assigned to a thread.
Mailbox Session Hits/sec	The number of hits in a mailbox session.
Public Folder Queries/sec	Public Folder Queries per second is the number of mailboxes for which free busy information is requested from the public folders per second.
Public Folder Request Failures/sec	The number of public folder free busy requests failed per second.
Outlook Web Access Counters
Current Users	The number of users currently logged on to Outlook Web Access. This value monitors the number of unique active user sessions, so that users are only removed from this counter after they log off or their session times out. Determines current user load.
Outlook Requests/sec	The number of Outlook requests processed each second. Determines current user load.
Average Search Time	The average time elapsed while waiting for a search to complete.
Searches timed out	The number of Outlook requests timed out.
OWA Average Response Time	The average time (in milliseconds) that elapsed between the beginning and end of an OEH or ASPX request. Used to determine the latency that a client is experiencing. The threshold value should be less than 100 ms at all times. Higher values may indicate high user load or higher than normal CPU time.
Autodiscover Counters
Discover Requests/sec	The number of Autodiscover service requests processed each second. Determines current user load.
WebService Counters
Current Connections	The current number of connections established with the Web service. Determines current user load.
Connection Attempts/sec	The rate that connections to the Web service are being attempted. Determines current user load.
Current ISAPI Extension Requests	The rate that Internet Server API (ISAPI) extension requests are received by the Web service. Determines current user load.
Other Request Methods/sec	The rate HTTP requests are made that don't use the OPTIONS, GET, HEAD, POST, PUT, DELETE, TRACE, MOVE, COPY, MKCOL, PROPFIND, PROPPATCH, SEARCH, LOCK, or UNLOCK methods. Determines current user load.
Requests/sec	The number of requests processed each second. Determines current user load.
Completed requests/sec	The number of requests completed each second. Determines current user load.
RPC Client Access Counters
Client RPC Average Latency	The average latency, in milliseconds, of RPC requests made to the Exchange Information Store over the last 1024 packets.
RPC Operations/sec	The rate at which RPC operations are being processed by the Exchange Information Store per second.
IS RPC Requests	The current number of RPC requests simultaneously active in the Exchange Information Store at a given point in time.
User Count	The number of users currently connected to the Exchange RPC Client Access service at a given point in time.
Exchange Control Panel Counters
Outbound Proxy Requests - Average Response Time	The average time (in ms) that requests sent to a secondary Client Access server took to complete during the sampling period. The threshold value should be under 6,000 ms.
Requests - Average Response Time	The average time (in ms) the Exchange Control Panel took to respond to a request during the sampling period. The threshold value should be under 6,000 ms.
ASP.net Request Failures/sec	The number of failures per second detected by ASP.NET in the Exchange Control Panel.
Powershell Runspaces - Average Active Time	The average time (in seconds) that a Windows PowerShell runspace stays active while executing cmdlets in the Exchange Control Panel during the sampling period.
Powershell Runspaces/sec	The number of Windows PowerShell runspaces created per second in the Exchange Control Panel.
RBAC sessions/sec	The number of RBAC sessions loaded per second in the Exchange Control Panel.
Unified Messaging Counters
Percent of failed mailbox connection attempts over the last hour	The percentage of mailbox connection attempts that failed in the last hour. The threshold value should be less than 5%.
Percent of inbound calls rejected by the UM service over the last hour.	The percentage of inbound calls that were rejected by the Microsoft Exchange Unified Messaging service over the last hour
Percent of inbound calls rejected by the UM worker process over the last hour	The percentage of inbound calls that were rejected by the Unified Messaging worker process over the last hour.
Percent of messages successfully processed over the last hour	The percentage of messages that were successfully processed by the Microsoft Exchange Unified Messaging service over the last hour.
Percent of partner voice message transcription failures over the last hour	The percentage of voice messages for which transcription failed in the last hour.
Calls disconnected on irrecoverable internal error	The number of calls disconnected after an internal system error occurred.
Calls disconnected by user failure	The total number of calls disconnected after too many user entry failures.
Current calls	The number of calls that are currently connected to the UM server.
Total calls per second	The number of new calls that have arrived in the last second.
User Response Latency	The average response time, in milliseconds, for the system to respond to a user request. This average is calculated over the last 25 calls. This counter is limited to calls that require significant processing.
CAS OAB Download Counters
Download Task Queued	The number of OAB download tasks queued since the File Distribution service started. The threshold value should be 0 at all times.
Download Tasks Completed	The number of OAB download tasks completed since the File Distribution service started. The default value is every 480 minutes or 8 hours. The threshold value should be less than or equal to 3 per day.

Hub/Edge Transport Role Counters		Exchange Server Version
Attribute name	Description	2007	2010	2013	2016	2019
Transport Database Counters (HUB,EDGE)
IO Log Writes/sec	The rate of log file write operations completed. Determines the current load.
IO Log Reads/sec	The rate of log file read operations completed. Determines the current load.
Log Generation Checkpoint Depth	The amount of work (in count of log files) that needs to be redone or undone to the database files if the process fails.
Version Buckets Allocated	Total number of version buckets allocated. Shows the default backpressure values as listed in the edgetransport.exe.config file.
IO Database Reads/sec	The rate of database read operations completed. Determines the current load.
IO Database Writes/sec	The rate of database write operations completed. Determines the current load.
Log Record Stalls/sec	The number of log records that can't be added to the log buffers per second because they are full. If this counter is nonzero most of the time, the log buffer size may be a bottleneck.
Log Threads Waiting	The number of threads waiting for their data to be written to the log to complete an update of the database. If this number is too high, the log may be a bottleneck.
Transport Dumpster Counters (HUB,EDGE)
Dumpster Size	The total size (in bytes) of mail items currently in the transport dumpster on this server.
Dumpster Inserts/sec	The rate at which items are inserted into the transport dumpster on this server. Determines the current rate of transport dumpster inserts.
Dumpster Item Count	The total number of mail items currently in the transport dumpster on this server. Shows the current number of items being held in the transport dumpster.
Dumpster Deletes/sec	The rate at which items are deleted from the transport dumpster on this server. Determines the current rate of transport dumpster deletions.
Transport Queue Length Counters (HUB,EDGE)
Aggregate Delivery Queue Length All Queues	The number of messages queued for delivery in all queues. The threshold should be less than 3,000 and not more than 5,000.
Active Remote Delivery Queue Length	The number of messages in the active remote delivery queues. The threshold should be less than 250.
Active Mailbox Delivery Queue Length	The number of messages in the active mailbox queues. The threshold should be less than 250.
Submission Queue Length	The number of messages in the submission queue. The threshold should be less than 100. If sustained high values occur, investigate Active Directory and Mailbox servers for bottlenecks or performance-related issues.
Active Non-SMTP Delivery Queue Length	The number of messages in the drop directory used by a Foreign connector. The threshold should be less than 250.
Retry Mailbox Delivery Queue Length	The number of messages in a retry state attempting to deliver a message to a remote mailbox. The threshold should be less than 100.
Retry Non-SMTP Delivery Queue Length	The number of messages in a retry state in the non-SMTP gateway delivery queues. The threshold should be less than 100.
Retry Remote Delivery Queue Length	The number of messages in a retry state in the remote delivery queues. The threshold should be less than 100.
Unreachable Queue Length	The number of messages in the Unreachable queue. The threshold should be less than 100.
Largest Delivery Queue Length	The number of messages in the largest delivery queues. The threshold value should be less than 200 for the Edge Transport and Hub Transport server roles.
Poison Queue Length	The number of messages in the poison message queue. The threshold value should be 0 at all times.
Transport Load Assessment Counters (HUB,EDGE)
Messages Submitted/sec	The number of messages queued in the Submission queue per second. Determines current load. Compare values to historical baselines.
Messages Completed Delivery/sec	The number of messages delivered per second. Determines current load. Compare values to historical baselines.
Inbound Local Delivery Calls/sec	The number of local delivery attempts per second. Determines current load. Compare values to historical baselines.
Average Bytes Per Message	The average number of message bytes per inbound message received. Determines sizes of messages being received for an SMTP receive connector.
Messages Received/sec	The number of messages received by the SMTP server each second. Determines current load. Compare values to historical baselines.
Messages Sent/sec	The number of messages sent by the SMTP send connector each second. Determines current load.
Items Queued for Delivery/sec	The number of messages queued for delivery per second. Determines current load.
Inbound Message Delivery Attempts/sec	The number of attempts for delivering transport mail items per second. Determines current load. Compare values to historical baselines.
Messages Queued for Delivery/sec	The number of messages queued for delivery per second. Determines current load. Compare values to historical baselines.
Edge Sync Counters(EDGE)
Total topology updates	Exchange topology updates found by EdgeSync
Exchange servers total	Total number of Exchange Servers found by EdgeSync.
Edge servers total	Total number of Edge Transport servers found by EdgeSync.
Hub transport servers total	Total number of Hub Transport servers found by EdgeSync.
Edge servers leased total	Total number of Edge Transport servers leased by EdgeSync.
Edge objects added/sec	The rate of Edge objects added per second by EdgeSync.
Edge objects deleted/sec	The rate of Edge objects deleted per second by EdgeSync.
Edge objects updated/sec	The rate of Edge objects updated per second by EdgeSync.
Scan jobs completed successfully total	The total number of scan jobs completed successfully by EdgeSync.
Scan jobs failed because could not extend lock total	The total number of EdgeSync scan jobs that failed because EdgeSync could not extend its lease of an Edge Transport server.
Scan jobs failed because of directory error total	The total number of EdgeSync directory errors.
Scan jobs failed because could not lock total	The total number of Scan jobs failed because could not lock total.
Source objects scanned/sec	The rate of Active Directory objects scanned per second by EdgeSync.
Target objects scanned/sec	The rate of Edge objects scanned per second by EdgeSync.
Recipient Filter Agent Counters(EDGE)
Recipients rejected by recipient validation/sec	Show the number of recipients rejected by recipient validation per second.
Recipients rejected by block list/sec	Show the number of recipients rejected by block list per second.
Sender Filter Agent Counters(EDGE)
Messages filtered by sender filter/sec	Show the number of messages filtered by the Sender Filter agent per second.
DNS queries/sec	The number of DNS queries per second performed by the Sender Id agent.
Attachment Filtering Counters(EDGE)
Messages attachment filtered	The number of messages that were blocked, stripped of attachments, or silently deleted (as per configuration) by the attachment filtering agent.
Messages filtered/sec	The number of messages per second that the attachment filtering agent blocked, stripped of attachments, or silently deleted. If this rate rises greatly beyond what is “normal” for the Exchange server, it may indicate that the organization is being flooded with malicious e-mail.
Content Filter Agent Counters(EDGE)
Messages deleted	The total number of messages that were deleted by Content Filter Agent.
Messages quarantined	The total number of messages that were quarantined by Content Filter Agent.
Messages rejected	The total number of messages that were rejected by Content Filter Agent.
Messages that bypassed scanning	The total number of messages that bypass scanning.
Messages scanned/sec	The number of messages scanned per second.
Active Directory Application Mode (ADAM) Counters (EDGE)
LDAP Searches/sec	The number of Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) search requests issued per second. Used to determine the current LDAP search rate.
LDAP Writes/sec	The rate at which LDAP clients perform write operations.

Edge Transport Role Counters		Exchange Server Version
Attribute name	Description	2007	2010	2013	2016	2019
Exchange-Agents
Agent Name	The Name of the agent counters.
Average Agent Processing Time in sec	The average agent processing time in seconds per event. The threshold value should be less than 20
Total Agent Invocations	The total number of invocations since the last restart. The current invocation rate.
Message Hygiene Counters
Average Scan Time	Average time taken to perform scanning of mailboxes as part of the message hygiene using scheduled and on-demand scans. A high value could indicate a bottleneck in scanning.
Scan Requests Rejected/sec	The number of scan requests in this application pool’s queue that were rejected.
Scan Requests Being Scanned	The number of scan processes currently running.
Scan Requests Processing Time Per Request	The amount of time spent in processing a request.
Antimalware Processing Time Per Request	The amount of time taken for the Antimalware engine to process an item.
Unhealthy Antimalware engines	Antimalware engines with errors in engine functioning.
Scan Requests Fatal Errors	Indicates what percentage of scan requests submitted encountered errors that prevented the processing of those scan requests.
Scan Request Timeouts	The number of scan requests that timed out in the last minute.
Scan Processes Running	The number of scan processes currently running.
Scan Time Per Request	The scan time per request.
Scan Requests Processed/sec	The number of scan requests processed per second.
Scan Request Wait Time Per Request	The time for which a scan request waits in the internal queue.
Scan Requests Queued	The number of scan requests that are currently in the internal queue.
Scan Requests Submitted/sec	The number of scan requests submitted per second, including requests accepted and rejected by the scanning system.
SafetyNet Counters
Resubmission Latency	Average time spent to resubmit each message when processing a Safety Net resubmit request.
SafetyNet Resubmission Rate	The number of messages resubmitted from Safety Net. Resubmit requests are generally triggered by HA but can also be requested manually via New-ResubmitRequest.
SafetyNet Resubmit Request rate	Number of resubmit requests that were made to safety net during the sampling period.
Shadow SafetyNet Resubmission Rate	Total number of messages resubmitted from Shadow Safety Net. Shadow resubmit requests occur when a primary Safety Net server cannot be reached for several hours.
Shadow SafetyNet Resubmit Request rate	Number of shadow resubmit requests that were made to shadow safety net during the sampling period.
Resubmit Request rate	Total number of resubmit requests encountered per resubmit request state.

Unified Messaging Server Role Counters		Exchange Server Version
Attribute name	Description	2007	2010
Unified Messaging Counters
Percentage of failed mailbox connection attempts over the last hour	The percentage of mailbox connection attempts that failed in the last hour.
Percentage of inbound calls rejected by the um service over the last hour	The percentage of inbound calls that were rejected by the Microsoft Exchange Unified Messaging service over the last hour.
Percentage of inbound calls rejected by the um worker process over the last hour	The percentage of inbound calls that were rejected by the UM worker process over the last hour.
Percentage of messages successfully processed over the last hour	The percentage of messages that were successfully processed by the Microsoft Exchange Unified Messaging service over the last hour.
Percentage of partner voice message transcription failures over the last hour	The percentage of voice messages for which transcription failed in the last hour.
Directory access failures	The number of times that attempts to access Active Directory failed.
Calls disconnected on irrecoverable internal error	The number of calls disconnected after an internal system error occurred.
Operations over six seconds	The number of all UM operations that took more than six seconds to complete. This is the time during which a caller was waiting for UM to respond.
Calls disconnected by callers during um audio hourglass	The number of calls during which the caller disconnected while Unified Messaging was playing the audio hourglass tones.
Total inbound calls rejected by the um service	The total number of inbound calls that were rejected by the Microsoft Exchange Unified Messaging Service since the service was started.
Total inbound calls rejected by the um worker process	The total number of inbound calls that were rejected by the UM Worker process since the service was started.
Call answer queued messages	The number of messages created and not yet submitted for delivery.
Direct access failures	The number of times that attempts to access Active Directory failed.
Hub transport access failures	The number of times that attempts to access a Hub Transport server failed. This number is only incremented if all Hub Transport servers were unavailable.
Unhandled exceptions/sec	The number of calls that were disconnected after an internal system error occurred in the last second.
Queued ocs user event notifications	The number of notifications that have been created and not yet submitted for delivery. Represents the number of missed call notifications that have been generated in the Office Communications Server environment and have not been submitted for delivery.
Mailbox server access failures	The number of times the system did not access a Mailbox server.

Overview - Common Counters		Exchange Server Version
Attribute name	Description	2007	2010	2013	2016	2019
Server Component States
Component Name	Specifies the Exchange Component name.
State	Specifies the Exchange Component Status.
Exchange Services
Service Name	Specifies the Exchange Agent Service name.
Status	Specifies the Exchange Agent Service Status.
Availability	Specifies the availability of the Exchange Agent Service.
AD Access Domain Controllers
Domain Controller	The specified domain controller
LDAP Read Time	The time in milliseconds that a LDAP read request takes to be fulfilled. The average value should be under 50 milliseconds. Maximum values should not exceed 100 milliseconds.
LDAP Search Time	The time in milliseconds that it takes a Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) search request to be fulfilled. The threshold values should be below 50 ms. Maximum values should not be higher than 100 ms.
LDAP searches timed-out per Minute	The number of LDAP searches that returned LDAP_Timeout during the last minute. The threshold value should be below 10 at all times for all roles. Higher values may indicate issues with Active Directory resources.
Long-running LDAP operations Per Minute	The number of LDAP operations on this domain controller that took longer than the specified threshold per minute. The default threshold value is 15 seconds. The threshold values should be below 50 ms. Higher values may indicate issues with Active Directory resources.

Host Performance Counters		Exchange Server Version
Attribute name	Description	2007	2010	2013	2016	2019
Disk Utilization
Free Disk Space	The percentage of free space on the disk (in %).
Average Disk Reads/sec	Number of disk reads per second on the physical disk. This counter should be well under the maximum capacity for the disk device.
Average Disk Writes/sec	Number of disk writes per second on the physical disk. This counter should be well under the maximum capacity for the disk device.
Memory Utilization
Memory Used	The memory space used by the server (in GB).
Free Physical Memory	The amount of free physical memory available (in %).
% Memory Used	The percentage of memory space used by the server (in %).
Total Memory	Total amount of physical memory available to the operating system (in GB).
Exchange Domain Controllers Connectivity Counters
Cache Hits/sec	The number of object found in cache events per second.
Cache Misses/sec	The number of objects not found in cache events per second.
LDAP Searches/sec	The number of LDAP search requests issued by a process per second.
Outstanding Asyncronous Reads	The number of outstanding LDAP read requests.
Memory Pages
Pages Input/sec	The rate at which pages are read from disk to resolve hard page faults.
Pages Output/sec	The rate at which pages are written to disk to free up space in physical memory. A high rate of pages output might indicate a memory shortage.
Total Pages/sec	The rate at which pages are read from or written to disk to resolve hard page faults. This counter is a primary indicator of the kinds of faults that cause system-wide delays.
Page Reads/sec	The number of read operations, without regard to the number of pages retrieved in each operation.
Page Writes/sec	The number of write operations, without regard to the number of pages written in each operation.
Transition Pages Repurposed/sec	The rate at which the number of transition cache pages were reused for a different purpose.

Note: The metrics under the Exchange Queues section are mapped under Settings → Performance Polling → Optimize Data Collection.

Queues		Exchange Server Version
Attribute name	Description	2007	2010	2013	2016	2019
Exchange Queues
Queue Name	The identity of the queue in the form of <Server>\ <Queue>. Learn more
Status	The current queue status. A queue can have one of the following status values: Active, Connecting, Suspended, Ready, or Retry. Learn more
Message Count	The number of messages in the queue.
Velocity	The drain rate of the queue, calculated by subtracting the value of Incoming Rate from the value of Outgoing Rate. Learn more
Delivery Type	Represents how the Transport service intends to transmit the message to the next hop, which could be the ultimate destination of the message, or an intermediate hop along the way. The value External indicates the next hop for the queue is outside the Exchange organization. The value Internal indicates the next hop for the queue is inside the Exchange organization. Possible values: Internal, External, Undefined
Next Hop Domain	The next domain where the messages hops from the current queue. For delivery queues, the value of this field is effectively the name of the queue. The value of NextHopDomain isn't always a domain name. For example, the value could be the name of the target Active Directory site or database availability group (DAG).